Ethiopia’s Unseen Shield: How Menelik II Forged Victory at Adwa

Ethiopia's Victory at Adwa: Menelik II's Modernization and the Italo-Ethiopian War

The year is 1895. The air in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia’s burgeoning capital, crackled with a nervous energy. For months, whispers of Italian troop movements along the northern border had grown into a deafening roar. Italy, a newly unified nation eager to carve out its own colonial empire, had set its sights on Ethiopia, a land … Read more